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Lesson 3 --- PASSIVE 1 ,2 & 3
 
Lesson3: PASSIVE 1,2,3
 
PASSIVE 1 (IS DONE / WAS DONE)
Rules:We use an active verb to say what the subject does
We use a passive verb to say what happens to the subject
When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown
or unimportant.
If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use “by”

Examples:
1.This house is old. It was built in 1930.
2.Two hundred people are employed by the company.
3.A lot of money was stolen in the robbery.
4.This house was built “by” my grandfather.
5.Two hundred people are employed by the company.

The passive is “be” (is/was/have been, etc.) + past participle
(done/ cleaned/ seen, etc.)

Examples:(be) done,(be) cleaned,(be) seen,(be) damaged,(be) built, etc.
For irregular past participles (done/ known/ seen, etc.)
Passive:am/is/are + cleaned/ seen, etc.

Examples: (Simple Present)
1.Somebody cleans this room every day. (Active form)
This room is cleaned every day.
2.Many accidents are caused by careless driving.
3.I’m not often invited to parties.
4.How is the word pronounced?


Examples: Simple Past
1.Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.(Active form)
This room was cleaned yesterday.(Passive form)
2.We were woken up by a loud noise during the night.
3.Did you go to the party? No, I wasn’t invited.
4.How much money was stolen?
PASSIVE 2 (BE / BEEN / BEING DONE)
The use of will/ can/ must / going to/ want to, etc.
Actiive : do/ clean / see, etc.
Passive: be done/ cleaned/ seen

Examples:
1.The situation is serious. Something must be done before it’s too late.
2.A mystery is something that can’t be explained.
3.The music was very loud and could be heard from a long way away.
4.A new supermarket is going to be built next year.
5.Please go away. I want to be left alone.

The use of should have / might have/ would have/ seem to have
Active: done/ cleaned/ seen, etc.
Passive: been done/ cleaned/ seen, etc.

Examples:
1.The room looks nice. It has been cleaned.
2.Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
3.Are you going to the party? No, I haven’t been invited.
4.I have seen the Great Wall of China twice.
5.She should have talk to her brother.

PASSIVE 3

The use of “I was born…”
We say “I was born” (not I am born)?SIMPLE PAST
I was born in Chicago.
Where were you born? (not Where are you born?)

But: How many babies are born every day? SIMPLE PRESENT

“I don’t like being…”
The passive of doing/ seeing, etc… is being done/ being seen, etc.

Examples:
1.I don’t like being told what to do.
2.I remember being given a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
3.Mr. Miller hates being kept waiting.
4.We managed to climb over the wall without being seen.
5.The woman was being investigated with some grounds on marriage.

EXERCISE: PASSIVE 1
Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form:

cause,damage,hold,include,invite,make,overtake,show,translate,write

1. Many accidents __are caused__ by dangerous driving.
2. Cheese __ from milk.
3. The roof of the building __ in a storm a few days ago.
4. There's no need to leave a tip. Service __ in the bill.
5. You __ to the wedding. Why didn't you go?
6. A cinema is a place where films __.
7. In the United States, elections for President __ every four years.
8. Originally the book __ in Spanish and a few years ago it
9. We were driving along quite fast but we __ by lots of other cars.

EXERCISE: PASSIVE 2

Complete these sentences with one of the following verbs (in the correct form):

carry,cause,do,make,repair,send,spend,wake up
Sometimes you need have ('might have', 'could have' etc.).

1. The situation is serious. Something must be done before it's too late.
2. I haven't received the letter. It might have been sent to the wrong address.
3. A decision will not __ until the next meeting.
4. I told the hotel receptionist that I wanted to __ at 6.30 the next morning.
5. Do you think that less money should __ on armaments?
6. This road is in very bad condition. It should __ a long time ago.
7. The injured man couldn't walk and had to __.
8. It's not certain how the fire started but it might __ by an electrical fault

EXERCISE: PASSIVE 3

Write these sentences using the passive.

1.They asked me difficult questions at the interview.
2.Jessica’s friends gave her a present when she retired.
3.Nobody told me that Michael was sick.
4.How much will they pay you?
5.Has anybody shown you what to do?

Eric was at the park when she saw her old friend Lisa.

ERIC: Hi! Lisa! It's been a long time since we last saw each other.

LISA: Yes, it's been a long time. I was in Michigan this last vacation.

ERIC: Why? What did you do there?

LISA: My elder sister is from there, and she just delivered her first baby.

ERIC: Wow! That's great!

LISA: It is! Next time, come with us. She's been looking forward to see you.

ERIC: Really?

LISA: Yes! I've been telling a lot of good things about you.

ERIC: Ok. I will.

1. Does this lecture improves your grammar?
2. Give me some ways how to used this?
3. Is this really improtant to know?
4. Try to make sentences each, using this PASSIVE 1,2,3.
5. How do you find this Lesson?

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